Transition Leakage

Technique

Transition leakage is a physical side-channel leakage effect in CMOS circuits where the dynamic power consumption of a gate depends on both its previous and current value, allowing an idealized adversary to distinguish not only the current gate value but also whether it transitioned between zero and one.

First seen 6/26/2026

Last seen 6/26/2026

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Transition Leakage

Definition

Transition leakage is a physical leakage effect that describes the phenomenon where the dynamic power consumption of CMOS gates depends on their previous and current value [BGG+14]. It is one of several simple physical leakage effects used to model the side-channel leakage behavior of CMOS gates, alongside value leakage and glitch leakage [dGPdlP+16, MMT20, GHP+21].

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Closing the Gap: Leakage Contracts for Processors with Transitions and Glitches ← uses 84% 1e

Transition leakage is explicitly defined and incorporated into the combined model.

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CITATIONS

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[1] Transition leakage is a physical leakage effect that describes the phenomenon where the dynamic power consumption of CMOS gates depends on their previous and current value. Leakage Contracts for Processors with Transitions and Glitches

[2] An idealized adversary with access to transition leakage can observe both the initial value and the resulting value of each gate. Leakage Contracts for Processors with Transitions and Glitches

[3] The observable gate leakage for transition leakage is formally defined as λ_g(σ_{i−1}, σ_i) := g(σ_{i−1}) ‖ g(σ_i), representing the concatenation of old and new gate values. Leakage Contracts for Processors with Transitions and Glitches

[4] The leakage behavior of CMOS gates can be modeled in terms of simple physical leakage effects including value leakage, transition leakage, and glitch leakage. Leakage Contracts for Processors with Transitions and Glitches

[5] Hardware compliance with a leakage contract requires that any leakage detectable in the hardware is also leaked in the contract when computing with the same data. Leakage Contracts for Processors with Transitions and Glitches