Directed graybox fuzzing (DGF) is a fuzzing technique that steers the generation of test inputs toward specific target locations or conditions in a program, rather than indiscriminately maximizing overall code coverage. Unlike purely coverage-guided graybox fuzzing, which aims to broadly exercise new branches, directed graybox fuzzing prioritizes exploration of designated code regions and (in stateful settings) designated program states, allocating testing resources where vulnerabilities are more likely to occur. The technique has been applied across domains including hardware processor verification and, more recently, smart-contract testing, where stateful directed graybox fuzzing must consider both code and contract state spaces simultaneously.

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