**Maintain-Arc-Consistency (MAC)** is a well-known algorithmic framework for solving **constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs)**, associated in the cited material with Mackworth’s 1977 work on arc consistency. In the hardware-verification context described by the evidence, MAC is used as the core search-and-propagation framework of a specialized CSP engine for **simulation-based functional verification** and **stimuli generation**.[16928ea6-1df8-4bcb-b7f0-fb72a0fc99b8]

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